[Learn Korean] #016 Final Consonants (받침) Detailed Pronunciation Rules

1. Introduction

In the previous lesson, we learned the basic concept of 받침 (batchim, final consonants).
Today, we will go deeper into the detailed pronunciation rules of each consonant when used as a 받침.

2. Simple 받침 Pronunciation

• ㄱ, ㅋ, ㄲ → [k]
  Examples: 박 (bak), 밖 (bak), 부엌 (bueok)

• ㄴ → [n]
  Examples: 산 (san), 눈 (nun)

• ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅆ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅌ, ㅎ → [t]
  Examples: 옷 (ot), 있다 (itda), 꽃 (kkot)

• ㄹ → [l]
  Examples: 길 (gil), 달 (dal)

• ㅁ → [m]
  Examples: 밤 (bam), 손님 (sonnim)

• ㅂ, ㅍ → [p]
  Examples: 밥 (bap), 앞 (ap)

• ㅇ → [ng]
  Examples: 방 (bang), 공 (gong)

3. Double 받침 Pronunciation

In double 받침, usually only one sound is pronounced.

• ㄳ → [k]
  Example: 몫 (mok)

• ㄵ → [n]
  Example: 앉다 (anda)

• ㄶ → [n]
  Example: 많다 (manta)

• ㄺ → [k]
  Example: 닭 (dak)

• ㄻ → [m]
  Example: 삶 (salm)

• ㄼ → [l]
  Example: 짧다 (jjalda)

• ㄽ → [l]
  Example: 곬 (gol)

• ㄾ → [l]
  Example: 핥다 (halta)

• ㄿ → [p]
  Example: 읊다 (eulpda)

• ㅀ → [l]
  Example: 잃다 (ilta)

• ㅄ → [p]
  Example: 값 (gap)

4. Linking Sound Rules (연음 규칙)

When a 받침 is followed by a vowel, the final consonant sound often moves to the next syllable.

Examples:

• 꽃이 → 꼬치 (kkot + i → kko-chi)

• 값이 → 갑시 (gap + i → gap-si)

• 한국어 → 한구거 (hanguk + eo → han-gu-geo)

5. Practice Words

• 밥이 있다 (bapi itda → bapi itda) = There is food.

• 꽃이 예쁘다 (kkot-i yeppeuda → kko-chi yeppeuda) = The flower is pretty.

• 한국어 배우다 (hangug-eo baeuda → han-gu-geo baeuda) = Learn Korean.

6. Exercises

1. Read aloud: 밖, 앉다, 많다, 삶, 값.

2. Apply linking: 값이 → ? (gap-si) / 꽃이 → ? (kko-chi).

3. Practice sentences:

   • 집에 간다 (jibe ganda) = I go home.

   • 공이 크다 (gong-i keuda) = The ball is big.

7. Summary

Today, you learned:

• Exact pronunciation of each 받침 consonant.

• Rules for double 받침.

• Linking sound rules when a 받침 meets a vowel.

This knowledge will help you read and sound natural in real Korean sentences.