[Learn Korean] #030 Korean Sentence Structure (Basic Word Order)

1. Introduction

Korean has a different sentence structure from English.
The basic word order is Subject + Object + Verb (SOV).
The verb always comes at the end of the sentence.

 


 

2. Basic Structure

  • Subject (who) + Object (what) + Verb (action)

Examples:

  • 나는 책을 읽는다. (naneun chaegeul ikneunda) = I read a book.

  • 학생이 밥을 먹는다. (haksaengi babeul meokneunda) = The student eats rice.

 


 

3. Adding Particles

  • Subject → 이/가 or 은/는

  • Object → 을/를

Examples:

  • 고양이가 물을 마신다. (goyangiga mureul masinda) = The cat drinks water.

  • 저는 한국어를 배운다. (jeoneun hangugeoreul baeunda) = I learn Korean.

 


 

4. Word Order vs. English

  • English: Subject + Verb + Object
    Example: I eat an apple.

  • Korean: Subject + Object + Verb
    Example: 나는 사과를 먹는다. (naneun sagwareul meokneunda)

 


 

5. Sentence Practice

  1. 나는 영화를 본다. (naneun yeonghwareul bonda) = I watch a movie.

  2. 친구가 편지를 쓴다. (chinguga pyeonjireul sseunda) = A friend writes a letter.

  3. 학생이 책을 산다. (haksaengi chaegeul sanda) = The student buys a book.

 


 

6. Exercises

  1. Rearrange the words into proper Korean word order:

    • 책을 / 나는 / 읽는다 → 나는 책을 읽는다.

  2. Translate into Korean: “She eats bread.” → 그녀는 빵을 먹는다.

  3. Make three sentences in SOV structure.

 


 

7. Summary

Korean sentences follow the SOV (Subject-Object-Verb) structure.
The verb always comes last, which is the most important rule to remember.
Once you understand this, building more complex Korean sentences becomes much easier.