[Learn Korean] #005 Basic Consonants 3 (ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅎ)

1. Introduction

Today, we will finish learning the basic Korean consonants.
This set includes ㅈ (jieut), ㅊ (chieut), ㅋ (kieuk), ㅌ (tieut), ㅍ (pieup), and ㅎ (hieut).
Many of these consonants are aspirated, meaning you release a small burst of air when pronouncing them.

 


 

2. Consonants

  • ㅈ (지읒, jieut)
    Romanization: j
    Pronunciation: like j in jam

  • ㅊ (치읓, chieut)
    Romanization: ch
    Pronunciation: like ch in chat (stronger air release than ㅈ)

  • ㅋ (키읔, kieuk)
    Romanization: k
    Pronunciation: like k in kite (stronger air release than ㄱ)

  • ㅌ (티읕, tieut)
    Romanization: t
    Pronunciation: like t in top (stronger air release than ㄷ)

  • ㅍ (피읖, pieup)
    Romanization: p
    Pronunciation: like p in pen (stronger air release than ㅂ)

  • ㅎ (히읗, hieut)
    Romanization: h
    Pronunciation: like h in hat

 


 

3. Pronunciation Tips

  • Pairs to notice:

    • ㄱ vs ㅋ, ㄷ vs ㅌ, ㅂ vs ㅍ → aspirated versions release more air.

    • ㅈ vs ㅊ → ㅊ is stronger and aspirated.

  • A simple test: hold your hand in front of your mouth. If you feel a puff of air, it is the aspirated sound.

 


 

4. Practice Syllables

With vowel ㅏ (a):

  • 자 (ja), 차 (cha), 카 (ka), 타 (ta), 파 (pa), 하 (ha)

With vowel ㅣ (i):

  • 지 (ji), 치 (chi), 키 (ki), 티 (ti), 피 (pi), 히 (hi)

 


 

5. Exercises

  1. Read aloud each syllable twice.

  2. Compare pairs: ㄱ vs ㅋ, ㄷ vs ㅌ, ㅂ vs ㅍ, ㅈ vs ㅊ.

  3. Try to recognize these words:

    • 차 (cha) = car, tea

    • 학교 (hakgyo) = school

    • 피자 (pija) = pizza

    • 하루 (haru) = one day

 


 

6. Summary

Today, you learned the last six basic consonants:
ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅎ.
Now you know 14 Korean consonants in total!
Next, we will move on to vowels to complete the foundation of Hangeul.